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1
2IEEEexample.bib
3V1.12 (2007/01/11)
4Copyright (c) 2002-2007 by Michael Shell
5See: http://www.michaelshell.org/
6for current contact information.
7
8This is an example BibTeX database for the official IEEEtran.bst
9BibTeX style file.
10
11Some entries call strings that are defined in the IEEEabrv.bib file.
12Therefore, IEEEabrv.bib should be loaded prior to this file.
13Usage:
14
15\bibliographystyle{./IEEEtran}
16\bibliography{./IEEEabrv,./IEEEexample}
17
18
19Support sites:
20http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/
21http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/IEEEtran/
22and/or
23http://www.ieee.org/
24
25*************************************************************************
26Legal Notice:
27This code is offered as-is without any warranty either expressed or
28implied; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
29FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE!
30User assumes all risk.
31In no event shall IEEE or any contributor to this code be liable for
32any damages or losses, including, but not limited to, incidental,
33consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the use or misuse
34of any information contained here.
35
36All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not
37necessarily endorsed by the IEEE.
38
39This work is distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL)
40( http://www.latex-project.org/ ) version 1.3, and may be freely used,
41distributed and modified. A copy of the LPPL, version 1.3, is included
42in the base LaTeX documentation of all distributions of LaTeX released
432003/12/01 or later.
44Retain all contribution notices and credits.
45** Modified files should be clearly indicated as such, including  **
46** renaming them and changing author support contact information. **
47
48File list of work: IEEEabrv.bib, IEEEfull.bib, IEEEexample.bib,
49                   IEEEtran.bst, IEEEtranS.bst, IEEEtranSA.bst,
50                   IEEEtranN.bst, IEEEtranSN.bst, IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf
51*************************************************************************
52
53
54Note that, because the example references were taken from actual IEEE
55publications, these examples do not always contain the full amount
56of information that may be desirable (for use with other BibTeX styles).
57In particular, full names (not abbreviated with initials) should be
58entered whenever possible as some (non-IEEE) bibliography styles use
59full names. IEEEtran.bst will automatically abbreviate when it encounters
60full names.
61 
62 
63 
64 
65references for the IEEEtran.bst documentation
66IEEEtran homepage
67@electronic{IEEEhowto:IEEEtranpage,
68  author        = "Michael Shell",
69  title         = "{IEEE}tran Homepage",
70  url           = "http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/",
71  year          = "2007"
72}
73
74
75the distribution site for IEEEtran.bst
76@electronic{IEEEexample:shellCTANpage,
77  author        = "Michael Shell",
78  title         = "{IEEE}tran Webpage on {CTAN}",
79  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/IEEEtran/",
80  year          = "2007"
81}
82
83
84the IEEE website
85sort key is needed for sorting styles
86@electronic{IEEEexample:IEEEwebsite,
87  title         = "The {IEEE} Website",
88  url           = "http://www.ieee.org/",
89  year          = "2007",
90  key           = "IEEE"
91}
92
93
94The BibTeX user's guide.
95The filename could have been put in the URL instead. But, there might
96be other interesting things for the user in the same directory - and
97the filename might change before the directory that contains it.
98@electronic{IEEEexample:bibtexuser,
99  author        = "Oren Patashnik",
100  title         = "{{\BibTeX}}ing",
101  howpublished  = "{btxdoc.pdf}",
102  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/",
103  month         = feb,
104  year          = "1988"
105}
106
107
108The BibTeX style designer's guide.
109@electronic{IEEEexample:bibtexdesign,
110  author        = "Oren Patashnik",
111  title         = "Designing {{\BibTeX}} Styles",
112  howpublished  = "{btxhak.pdf}",
113  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/",
114  month         = feb,
115  year          = "1988"
116}
117
118
119A comprehensive BibTeX tutorial.
120@electronic{IEEEexample:tamethebeast,
121  author        = "Nicolas Markey",
122  title         = "Tame the BeaST  ---  The B to X of {{\BibTeX}}",
123  url           = "http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/bibtex/tamethebeast/",
124  month         = oct,
125  year          = "2005"
126}
127
128
129The BibTeX Tips and FAQ guide.
130@electronic{IEEEexample:bibtexFAQ,
131  author        = "David Hoadley and Michael Shell",
132  title         = "{{\BibTeX}} Tips and {FAQ}",
133  howpublished  = "{btxFAQ.pdf}",
134  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/",
135  month         = jan,
136  year          = "2007"
137}
138
139
140The TeX FAQ
141@electronic{IEEEexample:texfaq,
142  author        = "Robin Fairbairns",
143  title         = "The {{\TeX}} {FAQ}",
144  url           = "http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html/",
145  month         = jan,
146  year          = "2007"
147}
148
149
150A BibTeX Guide via Examples.
151@electronic{IEEEexample:bibtexguide,
152  author        = "Ki-Joo Kim",
153  title         = "A {{\BibTeX}} Guide via Examples",
154  howpublished  = "{bibtex\_guide.pdf}",
155  url           = "http://www.geocities.com/kijoo2000/",
156  month         = apr,
157  year          = "2004"
158}
159
160
161TeX User Group Bibliography Archive
162@electronic{IEEEexample:beebe_archive,
163  author        = "Nelson H. F. Beebe",
164  title         = "{{\TeX}} User Group Bibliography Archive",
165  url           = "http://www.math.utah.edu:8080/pub/tex/bib/index-table.html",
166  month         = aug,
167  year          = "2006"
168}
169
170The natbib.sty package.
171@electronic{ctan:natbib,
172  author        = "Patrick W. Daly",
173  title         = "The natbib.sty package",
174  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/natbib/",
175  month         = sep,
176  year          = "2006"
177}
178
179The url.sty package.
180@electronic{IEEEexample:urlsty,
181  author        = "Donald Arseneau",
182  title         = "The url.sty Package",
183  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/misc/",
184  month         = jun,
185  year          = "2005",
186}
187
188
189The hyperref.sty package.
190@electronic{IEEEexample:hyperrefsty,
191  author        = "Sebastian Rahtz and Heiko Oberdiek",
192  title         = "The hyperref.sty Package",
193  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref/",
194  month         = nov,
195  year          = "2006",
196}
197
198
199The breakurl.sty package.
200@electronic{IEEEexample:breakurl,
201  author        = "Vilar Camara Neto",
202  title         = "The breakurl.sty Package",
203  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/breakurl/",
204  month         = aug,
205  year          = "2006",
206}
207
208
209The Babel package.
210@electronic{IEEEexample:babel,
211  author        = "Johannes Braams",
212  title         = "The Babel Package",
213  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/babel/",
214  month         = nov,
215  year          = "2005",
216}
217
218
219The multibib package.
220@electronic{IEEEexample:multibibsty,
221  author        = "Thorsten Hansen",
222  title         = "The multibib.sty package",
223  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/multibib/",
224  month         = jan,
225  year          = "2004"
226}
227
228
229The biblatex package.
230@electronic{IEEEexample:biblatex,
231  author        = "Philipp Lehman",
232  title         = "The biblatex package",
233  url           = "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/exptl/biblatex/",
234  month         = jan,
235  year          = "2007"
236}
237
238
239
240The three most common and typical types of references used in
241IEEE publications:
242
243an article in a journal
244Note the use of the IEEE_J_EDL string, defined in the IEEEabrv.bib file,
245for the journal name. IEEEtran.bst defines the BibTeX standard three
246letter month codes per IEEE style.
247From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices",
248page 996, reference #16.
249@article{IEEEexample:article_typical,
250  author        = "S. Zhang and C. Zhu and J. K. O. Sin and P. K. T. Mok",
251  title         = "A Novel Ultrathin Elevated Channel Low-temperature
252                   Poly-{Si} {TFT}",
253  journal       = IEEE_J_EDL,
254  volume        = "20",
255  month         = nov,
256  year          = "1999",
257  pages         = "569-571"
258}
259
260
261journal article using et al.
262The (five) authors are actually: F. Delorme, S. Slempkes, G. Alibert,
263B. Rose, J. Brandon
264The month (July) was not given here.
265From the September 1998 issue of "IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
266Communications", page 1257, reference #28.
267@article{IEEEexample:articleetal,
268  author        = "F. Delorme and others",
269  title         = "Butt-jointed {DBR} Laser With 15 {nm} Tunability Grown
270                   in Three {MOVPE} Steps",
271  journal       = "Electron. Lett.",
272  volume        = "31",
273  number        = "15",
274  year          = "1995",
275  pages         = "1244-1245"
276}
277
278
279a paper in a conference proceedings
280"conference" can be used as an alias for "inproceedings"
281From the June 2002 issue of "Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems",
282page 205, reference #16.
283@inproceedings{IEEEexample:conf_typical,
284  author        = "R. K. Gupta and S. D. Senturia",
285  title         = "Pull-in Time Dynamics as a Measure of Absolute Pressure",
286  booktitle     = "Proc. {IEEE} International Workshop on
287                   Microelectromechanical Systems ({MEMS}'97)",
288  address       = "Nagoya, Japan",
289  month         = jan,
290  year          = "1997",
291  pages         = "290-294"
292}
293
294
295a book
296From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Magnetics",
297page 1466, reference #4.
298@book{IEEEexample:book_typical,
299  author        = "B. D. Cullity",
300  title         = "Introduction to Magnetic Materials",
301  publisher     = "Addison-Wesley",
302  address       = "Reading, MA",
303  year          = "1972"
304}
305
306
307
308
309Other examples
310
311journal article with large page numbers, IEEE will divide numbers 5 digits
312or longer into groups of three with small spaces between them. Page ranges
313can be separated via either "-" or "--", IEEEtran.bst will automatically
314convert the separator dash(es) to "--".
315Authors and/or IEEE do not always provide/use the journal number, but it
316was used in this case. IEEEtran.bst can be configured to ignore journal
317numbers if desired.
318From the August 2000 issue of "IEEE Photonics Technology Letters",
319page 1039, reference #11.
320@article{IEEEexample:articlelargepages,
321  author        = "A. Castaldini and A. Cavallini and B. Fraboni
322                   and P. Fernandez and J. Piqueras",
323  title         = "Midgap Traps Related to Compensation Processes in
324                   {CdTe} Alloys",
325  journal       = "Phys. Rev. B.",
326  volume        = "56",
327  number        = "23",
328  year          = "1997",
329  pages         = "14897-14900"
330}
331
332
333journal article with dual months
334use the BibTeX "#" concatenation operator
335From the March 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Mechatronics",
336page 21, reference #8.
337@article{IEEEexample:articledualmonths,
338  author        = "Y. Okada and K. Dejima and T. Ohishi",
339  title         = "Analysis and Comparison of {PM} Synchronous Motor and
340                   Induction Motor Type Magnetic Bearings",
341  journal       = IEEE_J_IA,
342  volume        = "31",
343  month         = sep # "/" # oct,
344  year          = "1995",
345  pages         = "1047-1053"
346}
347
348
349journal article to be published as a misc entry type
350date information like month and year is optional
351However, the article form like that below may be a better approach.
352From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in
353Communication", page 725, reference #3.
354@misc{IEEEexample:TBPmisc,
355  author        = "M. Coates and A. Hero and R. Nowak and B. Yu",
356  title         = "Internet Tomography",
357  howpublished  = IEEE_M_SP,
358  month         = may,
359  year          = "2002",
360  note          = "to be published"
361}
362
363
364journal article to be published as an article entry type
365year is required, so if absent, use the year field to hold
366the "submitted for publication" in order to avoid a warning for
367the missing year field.
368From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory",
369page 1461, reference #21.
370@article{IEEEexample:TBParticle,
371  author        = "N. Kahale and R. Urbanke",
372  title         = "On the Minimum Distance of Parallel and Serially
373                   Concatenated Codes",
374  journal       = IEEE_J_IT,
375  year          = "submitted for publication"
376}
377
378
379
380
381
382book with editor and no author
383From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory",
384page 1725, reference #1.
385@book{IEEEexample:bookwitheditor,
386  editor        = "J. C. Candy and G. C. Temes",
387  title         = "Oversampling Delta-Sigma Data Converters Theory,
388                   Design and Simulation",
389  publisher     = "{IEEE} Press.",
390  address       = "New York",
391  year          = "1992"
392}
393
394
395book with edition, author and editor
396Note that the standard BibTeX styles do not support book entries with both
397author and editor fields, but IEEEtran.bst does.
398The standard BibTeX way of specifying the edition is to use capitalized
399ordinal words such as "First", "Second", etc. Most .bst files can convert
400up to about "Fifth" into the format needed. IEEEtran.bst can convert up
401to "Tenth" to the "Arabic ordinal" form IEEE uses (e.g., "10th"). For
402editions over the tenth, it is best to use the "Arabic ordinal" form for
403IEEE related work (e.g., "101st")
404Note how "Jr." has to be entered.
405From the May 2002 issue of "Journal of Lightwave Technology", page 856,
406reference #17.
407@book{IEEEexample:book,
408  author        = "S. M. Metev and V. P. Veiko",
409  editor        = "Osgood, Jr., R. M.",
410  title         = "Laser Assisted Microtechnology",
411  edition       = "Second",
412  publisher     = "Springer-Verlag",
413  address       = "Berlin, Germany",
414  year          = "1998"
415}
416
417
418book with series and volume
419From the January 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
420page 11, reference #31.
421@book{IEEEexample:bookwithseriesvolume,
422  editor        = "J. Breckling",
423  title         = "The Analysis of Directional Time Series: Applications to
424                   Wind Speed and Direction",
425  series        = "Lecture Notes in Statistics",
426  publisher     = "Springer",
427  address       = "Berlin, Germany",
428  year          = "1989",
429  volume        = "61"
430}
431
432
433inbook with chapter number. The pages field could also have been given.
434The chapter number could be changed to something else such as a section
435number via the type field: type = "sec.".
436From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems---I:
437Fundamental Applications and Theory", page 638, reference #22.
438@inbook{IEEEexample:inbook,
439  author        = "H. E. Rose",
440  title         = "A Course in Number Theory",
441  publisher     = "Oxford Univ. Press",
442  address       = "New York, NY",
443  year          = "1988",
444  chapter       = "3"
445}
446
447
448inbook with pages and note. The language field is not set to Russian
449because the title is presented here in its translated, English, form.
450From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Magnetics", page 1533,
451reference #5.
452@inbook{IEEEexample:inbookpagesnote,
453  author        = "B. K. Bul",
454  title         = "Theory Principles and Design of Magnetic Circuits",
455  publisher     = "Energia Press",
456  address       = "Moscow",
457  year          = "1964",
458  pages         = "464",
459  note          = "(in Russian)"
460}
461
462
463
464
465
466incollection with author and editor
467From the May 2002 issue of "Journal of Lightwave Technology",
468page 807, reference #7.
469@incollection{IEEEexample:incollection,
470  author        = "W. V. Sorin",
471  editor        = "D. Derickson",
472  title         = "Optical Reflectometry for Component Characterization",
473  booktitle     = "Fiber Optic Test and Measurement",
474  publisher     = "Prentice-Hall",
475  address       = "Englewood Cliffs, NJ",
476  year          = "1998"
477}
478
479
480incollection with series
481From the April 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communication",
482page 609, reference #3.
483@incollection{IEEEexample:incollectionwithseries,
484  author        = "J. B. Anderson and K. Tepe",
485  title         = "Properties of the Tailbiting {BCJR} Decoder",
486  booktitle     = "Codes, Systems and Graphical Models",
487  series        = "{IMA} Volumes in Mathematics and Its Applications",
488  publisher     = "Springer-Verlag",
489  address       = "New York",
490  year          = "2000"
491 
492}
493
494
495incollection with author, editor, chapter and pages
496From the January 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
497page 16, reference #9.
498@incollection{IEEEexample:incollection_chpp,
499  author        = "P. Hedelin and P. Knagenhjelm and M. Skoglund",
500  editor        = "W. B. Kleijn and K. K. Paliwal",
501  title         = "Theory for Transmission of Vector Quantization Data",
502  booktitle     = "Speech Coding and Synthesis",
503  publisher     = "Elsevier Science",
504  address       = "Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
505  year          = "1995",
506  chapter       = "10",
507  pages         = "347-396"
508}
509
510
511incollection with a large number of authors, some authors/journals will
512use et al. for so many names. IEEEtran.bst can be configured to do this
513if desired, or "R. M. A. Dawson and others" can be used instead.
514Note that IEEE may not include the publisher for incollection entries -
515IEEEtran.bst will not issue a warning if the publisher is missing for
516incollections - but other .bst files often will.
517From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices",
518page 996, reference #12.
519@incollection{IEEEexample:incollectionmanyauthors,
520  author        = "R. M. A. Dawson and Z. Shen and D. A. Furst and
521                   S. Connor and J. Hsu and M. G. Kane and R. G. Stewart and
522                   A. Ipri and C. N. King and P. J. Green and R. T. Flegal
523                   and S. Pearson and W. A. Barrow and E. Dickey and K. Ping
524                   and C. W. Tang and S. Van. Slyke and
525                   F. Chen and J. Shi and J. C. Sturm and M. H. Lu",
526  title         = "Design of an Improved Pixel for a Polysilicon
527                   Active-Matrix Organic {LED} Display",
528  booktitle     = "{SID} Tech. Dig.",
529  volume        = "29",
530  year          = "1998",
531  pages         = "11-14"
532}
533
534
535
536
537
538A Motorola data book as a manual
539It is somewhat unusual to include the data book part number.
540in the title. It might be more correct to put this information
541in the howpublished field instead.
542From the December 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
543page 1986, reference #10.
544@manual{IEEEexample:motmanual,
545  title         = "{FLEXChip} Signal Processor ({MC68175/D})",
546  organization  = "Motorola",
547  year          = "1996"
548}
549
550
551same reference, but using IEEEtran's howpublished extension
552@manual{IEEEexample:motmanualhowpub,
553  title         = "{FLEXChip} Signal Processor",
554  howpublished  = "{MC68175/D}",
555  organization  = "Motorola",
556  year          = "1996"
557}
558
559
560
561
562conference paper with an address and days. Some journals capitalize the
563letters in "Globecom", this one did not.
564From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
565page 697, reference #12.
566@inproceedings{IEEEexample:confwithadddays,
567  author        = "M. S. Yee and L. Hanzo",
568  title         = "Radial Basis Function Decision Feedback Equaliser
569                   Assisted Burst-by-burst Adaptive Modulation",
570  booktitle     = "Proc. {IEEE} Globecom '99",
571  address       = "Rio de Janeiro, Brazil",
572  month         = dec # " 5--9,",
573  year          = "1999",
574  pages         = "2183-2187"
575}
576
577
578conference paper with volume number. A conference proceedings with a vol
579number is a little uncommon, note that the vol number is placed
580before the address in the formatted bibliography entry
581From the April 2002 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
582page 181, reference #26.
583@inproceedings{IEEEexample:confwithvolume,
584  author        = "M. Yajnik and S. B. Moon and J. Kurose and D. Towsley",
585  title         = "Measurement and Modeling of the Temporal Dependence in
586                   Packet Loss",
587  booktitle     = "Proc. {IEEE} {INFOCOM}'99",
588  volume        = "1",
589  address       = "New York, NY",
590  month         = mar,
591  year          = "1999",
592  pages         = "345-352"
593}
594
595
596conference paper with a paper number, the type field can be used to
597override the word "paper", e.g., type = "postdeadline paper". A type
598can be given even without a paper  field.
599Also, IEEEtran.bst can be configured to ignore paper numbers and types.
600From the May 2002 issue of "Journal of Lightwave Technology",
601page 807, reference #4.
602@inproceedings{IEEEexample:confwithpaper,
603  author        = "M. Wegmuller and J. P. von der Weid and P. Oberson
604                   and N. Gisin",
605  title         = "High Resolution Fiber Distributed Measurements With
606                   Coherent {OFDR}",
607  booktitle     = "Proc. {ECOC}'00",
608  year          = "2000",
609  paper         = "11.3.4",
610  pages         = "109"
611}
612
613
614conference paper with a postdeadline type paper, the paper field is
615optional.
616From the August 2000 issue of "IEEE Photonics Technology Letters",
617page 1087, reference #12.
618@inproceedings{IEEEexample:confwithpapertype,
619  author        = "B. Mikkelsen and G. Raybon and R.-J. Essiambre and
620                   K. Dreyer and Y. Su. and L. E. Nelson and J. E. Johnson
621                   and G. Shtengel and A. Bond and D. G. Moodie and
622                   A. D. Ellis",
623  title         = "160 {Gbit/s} Single-channel Transmission Over 300 km
624                   Nonzero-dispersion Fiber With Semiconductor Based
625                   Transmitter and Demultiplexer",
626  booktitle     = "Proc. {ECOC}'99",
627  year          = "1999",
628  paper         = "2-3",
629  type          = "postdeadline paper",
630  pages         = "28-29"
631}
632
633
634presented at a conference
635intype overrides the default "in" and causes the booktitle not to be
636emphasized (rendered in italics).
637From the February 2002 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
638page 163, reference #6.
639@inproceedings{IEEEexample:presentedatconf,
640  author        = "S. G. Finn and M. M{\'e}dard and R. A. Barry",
641  title         = "A Novel Approach to Automatic Protection Switching
642                   Using Trees",
643  intype        = "presented at the",
644  booktitle     = "Proc. Int. Conf. Commun.",
645  year          = "1997"
646}
647
648
649
650
651
652master's thesis, often the University name will be abbreviated and the
653state or country will be included in the address. The type field can
654used to override the default type "Master's thesis"
655From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Microelectromechanical
656Systems", page 186, reference #11.
657@mastersthesis{IEEEexample:masters,
658  author        = "Nin C. Loh",
659  title         = "High-Resolution Micromachined Interferometric
660                   Accelerometer",
661  school        = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
662  address       = "Cambridge",
663  year          = "1992"
664}
665
666
667master's thesis with a type field
668From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
669page 391, reference #12.
670@mastersthesis{IEEEexample:masterstype,
671  author        = "A. Karnik",
672  title         = "Performance of {TCP} Congestion Control with Rate
673                   Feedback: {TCP/ABR} and Rate Adaptive {TCP/IP}",
674  school        = "Indian Institute of Science",
675  type          = "M. Eng. thesis",
676  address       = "Bangalore, India",
677  month         = jan,
678  year          = "1999"
679}
680
681
682
683
684
685Ph.D. dissertation with a URL field, the university is abbreviated
686From the October 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
687page 590, reference #11.
688@phdthesis{IEEEexample:phdurl,
689  author        = "Q. Li",
690  title         = "Delay Characterization and Performance Control of
691                   Wide-area Networks",
692  school        = "Univ. of Delaware",
693  address       = "Newark",
694  month         = may,
695  year          = "2000",
696  url           = "http://www.ece.udel.edu/~qli"
697}
698
699
700
701
702
703technical report
704From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
705page 490, reference #15.
706@techreport{IEEEexample:techrep,
707  author        = "R. Jain and K. K. Ramakrishnan and D. M. Chiu",
708  title         = "Congestion Avoidance in Computer Networks with a
709                   Connectionless Network Layer",
710  institution   = "Digital Equipment Corporation",
711  address       = "MA",
712  number        = "DEC-TR-506",
713  month         = aug,
714  year          = "1987"
715}
716
717
718technical report with type
719for those times when "Tech. Rep." needs to be modified
720From the February 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
721page 46, reference #8.
722@techreport{IEEEexample:techreptype,
723  author        = "J. Padhye and V. Firoiu and D. Towsley",
724  title         = "A Stochastic Model of {TCP} {R}eno Congestion Avoidance
725                   and Control",
726  institution   = "Univ. of Massachusetts",
727  address       = "Amherst, MA",
728  type          = "CMPSCI Tech. Rep.",
729  number        = "99-02",
730  year          = "1999"
731}
732
733
734technical report with type
735for those times when "Tech. Rep." needs to be modified
736This reference did not have an address.
737From the January 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
738page 117, reference #6.
739@techreport{IEEEexample:techreptypeii,
740  author        = "D. Middleton and A. D. Spaulding",
741  title         = "A Tutorial Review of Elements of Weak Signal Detection
742                   in Non-{G}aussian {EMI} Environments",
743  institution   = "National Telecommunications and Information
744                   Administration ({NTIA}), U.S. Dept. of Commerce",
745  type          = "NTIA Report",
746  number        = "86-194",
747  month         = may,
748  year          = "1986"
749}
750
751
752
753
754
755an unpublished work
756for unpublished types, the note field is required. IEEE usually
757just uses the word "unpublished" for the note.
758From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
759page 391, reference #16.
760@unpublished{IEEEexample:unpublished,
761  author        = "T. J. Ott and N. Aggarwal",
762  title         = "{TCP} over {ATM}: {ABR} or {UBR}",
763  note          = "Unpublished"
764}
765
766
767
768
769
770electronic with a howpublished information field
771From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
772page 391, reference #7.
773@electronic{IEEEexample:electronhowinfo,
774  author        = "V. Jacobson",
775  title         = "Modified {TCP} Congestion Avoidance Algorithm",
776  howpublished  = "end2end-interest mailing list",
777  url           = "ftp://ftp.isi.edu/end2end/end2end-interest-1990.mail",
778  month         = apr,
779  year          = "1990"
780}
781
782
783electronic with a howpublished information field
784From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
785page 418, reference #31.
786@electronic{IEEEexample:electronhowinfo2,
787  author        = "V. Valloppillil and K. W. Ross",
788  title         = "Cache Array Routing Protocol v1.1",
789  howpublished  = "Internet draft",
790  url           = "http://ds1.internic.net/internet-drafts/draft-vinod-carp-v1-03.txt",
791  year          = "1998"
792}
793
794
795electronic with an organization and address
796From the February 2002 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
797page 114, reference #15.
798@electronic{IEEEexample:electronorgadd,
799  author        = "D. H. Lorenz and A. Orda",
800  title         = "Optimal Partition of {QoS} Requirements on Unicast
801                   Paths and Multicast Trees",
802  organization  = "Dept. Elect. Eng., Technion",
803  address       = "Haifa, Israel",
804  url           = "ftp://ftp.technion.ac.il/pub/supported/ee/Network/lor.mopq98.ps",
805  month         = jul,
806  year          = "1998"
807}
808
809
810
811
812
813U.S. patent
814Use the type field to override the patent type. e.g.,
815type = "Patent Application"
816The address is that of the assignee. Note that IEEE does not
817display the assignee, the address, and only displays one date.
818(if year is not present, the filed dates are used.) However, this
819information should be entered as other BibTeX styles may use it.
820alternatively, nationality could be entered as "U.S."
821From the April 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
822page 542, reference #6.
823@patent{IEEEexample:uspat,
824  author        = "Ronald E. Sorace and Victor S. Reinhardt and
825                   Steven A. Vaughn",
826  assignee      = "Hughes Aircraft Company",
827  address       = "Los Angeles, CA",
828  title         = "High-Speed Digital-to-{RF} Converter",
829  nationality   = "United States",
830  number        = "5668842",
831  dayfiled      = "28",
832  monthfiled    = feb,
833  yearfiled     = "1995",
834  day           = "16",
835  month         = sep,
836  year          = "1997"
837}
838
839
840Japanese Patent
841From the April 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
842page 556, reference #6.
843@patent{IEEEexample:jppat,
844  author        = "U. Hideki",
845  title         = "Quadrature Modulation Circuit",
846  nationality   = "Japanese",
847  number        = "152932/92",
848  day           = "20",
849  month         = may,
850  year          = "1992"
851}
852
853
854French Patent request, the language field must be entered in lower case
855as this is the option name Babel uses. The nationality field needs to be
856capitalized. Because this is a patent request, the date filed fields are
857used while the date fields are left empty/missing. In other countries,
858the words "Patent Application", etc. are used instead.
859From the April 2000 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
860page 556, reference #9.
861@patent{IEEEexample:frenchpatreq,
862  author        = "F. Kowalik and M. Isard",
863  title         = "Estimateur d'un D{\'e}faut de Fonctionnement
864                   d'un Modulateur en Quadrature et {\'E}tage de Modulation
865                   l'Utilisant",
866  language      = "french",
867  nationality   = "French",
868  type          = "Patent Request",
869  number        = "9500261",
870  dayfiled      = "11",
871  monthfiled    = jan,
872  yearfiled     = "1995"
873}
874
875
876
877
878
879a periodical
880From the April 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
881page 160, reference #1.
882sort key is needed for sorting styles
883@periodical{IEEEexample:periodical,
884  title         = IEEE_M_PCOM # ", Special Issue on Wireless {ATM}",
885  volume        = "3",
886  month         = aug,
887  year          = "1996",
888  key           = "IEEE"
889}
890
891
892
893
894
895standard, IEEE does not use the address for standards, but it is good
896to provide one for BibTeX styles that use it.
897From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
898page 451, reference #2.
899@standard{IEEEexample:standard,
900  title         = "Wireless {LAN} Medium Access Control {(MAC)} and
901                   Physical Layer {(PHY)} Specification",
902  organization  = "IEEE",
903  address       = "Piscataway, NJ",
904  number        = "802.11",
905  year          = "1997"
906}
907
908
909standard with type and revision, the type overrides the word standard
910(or std.). Here a standard number is not available and a revision number
911is used.
912From the August 2000 issue of "IEEE Photonics Technology Letters",
913page 1048, reference #13.
914@standard{IEEEexample:standardproposed,
915  title         = "Fiber Channel Physical Interface ({FC-PI})",
916  institution   = "NCITS",
917  address       = "Washington, DC",
918  type          = "Working Draft Proposed Standard",
919  revision      = "5.2",
920  year          = "1999"
921}
922
923
924standard draft as a misc with author
925From the May 2002 issue of "IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in
926Communication", page 725, reference #16.
927@misc{IEEEexample:draftasmisc,
928  author        = "I. Widjaja and A. Elwalid",
929  title         = "{MATE}: {MPLS} Adaptive Traffic Engineering",
930  howpublished  = "IETF Draft",
931  year          = "1999"
932}
933
934
935
936
937
938misc for a techreport like reference
939techreport is not perfectly suitable because this entry lacks
940an institution field
941From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
942page 490, reference #22.
943@misc{IEEEexample:miscforum,
944  author        = "L. Roberts",
945  title         = "Enhanced Proportional Rate Control Algorithm {PRCA}",
946  howpublished  = "{ATM} Forum Contribution 94-0735R1",
947  month         = aug,
948  year          = "1994"
949}
950
951
952misc for a white paper
953From the August 2001 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
954page 478, reference #4 - Note that the reference there (improperly?)
955used the author field for "Cisco".
956@misc{IEEEexample:whitepaper,
957  title         = "Advanced {QoS} Services for the Intelligent Internet",
958  howpublished  = "White Paper",
959  organization  = "Cisco",
960  month         = may,
961  year          = "1997"
962}
963
964
965misc for a data sheet
966From the November 2000 issue of "IEEE Photonics Technology Letters",
967page 1551, reference #6.
968@misc{IEEEexample:datasheet,
969  title         = "{PDCA12-70} Data Sheet",
970  organization  = "Opto Speed SA",
971  address       = "Mezzovico, Switzerland"
972}
973
974
975
976
977
978Other unusual references
979
980a private communication as a misc entry type
981sometimes the designation "personal communication" is used instead
982From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory",
983page 1725, reference #16.
984@misc{IEEEexample:private,
985  author        = "S. Konyagin",
986  howpublished  = "private communication",
987  year          = "1998"
988}
989
990
991an internet request for comments (RFC) as a misc entry type
992It would also be nice to add a URL to these types of things.
993RFCs can also be handled as electronic references.
994From the April 2002 issue of "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
995page 181, reference #14.
996@misc{IEEEexample:miscrfc,
997  author        = "K. K. Ramakrishnan and S. Floyd",
998  title         = "A Proposal to Add Explicit Congestion
999                   Notification ({ECN}) to {IP}",
1000  howpublished  = "RFC 2481",
1001  month         = jan,
1002  year          = "1999"
1003}
1004
1005
1006a software package as a manual
1007From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical
1008Systems", page 205, reference #20.
1009Sometimes they put the version/release information in the title.
1010@manual{IEEEexample:softmanual,
1011  title         = "SaberDesigner Reference Manual",
1012  organization  = "Analogy, Inc.",
1013  address       = "Beaverton, OR",
1014  year          = "1998",
1015  note          = "Release 4.3"
1016}
1017
1018
1019a software package as an electronic reference
1020From the February 2003 issue of  "IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking",
1021page 46, reference #24. If there is no author or organization, a sorting
1022key is required for sorting styles. It might be a good idea to include
1023month and year fields as well.
1024@electronic{IEEEexample:softonline,
1025  title         = "Ucb/lbnl/vint Network Simulator---ns (Version 2)",
1026  url           = "http://www-mash.cs.berkeley.edu/ns/",
1027  key           = "ns"
1028}
1029
1030
1031misc for a German regulation
1032In German, the first letters of nouns are capitalized, so we do so here.
1033From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Journal in Selected Areas in
1034Communication", page 892, reference #9.
1035@misc{IEEEexample:miscgermanreg,
1036  title         = "{M}essung von {S}t{\"o}rfeldern an {A}nlagen
1037                   und {L}eitungen der {T}elekommunikation im
1038                   {F}requenzbereich 9 {kHz} bis 3 {GHz}",
1039  language      = "german",
1040  howpublished  = "{M}e{\ss}vorschrift {R}eg {TP} {MV} 05",
1041  organization  = "Regulierungsbeh{\"o}rde f{\"u}r {T}elekommunikation und
1042                   {P}ost ({R}eg {TP})"
1043}
1044
1045
1046
1047Ways to handle things like CCSDS's Blue Books
1048journal article with a URL. However, this is not a very good approach
1049because the Blue Books are not really journals and the author field has
1050to be abused.
1051From the June 2002 issue of "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory",
1052page 1461, reference #7.
1053@article{IEEEexample:bluebookarticle,
1054  author        = "{Consulative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)}",
1055  title         = "Telemetry Channel Coding",
1056  journal       = "Blue Book",
1057  number        = "4",
1058  year          = "1999",
1059  url           = "http://www.ccsds.org/documents/pdf/CCSDS-101.0-B-4.pdf"
1060}
1061
1062
1063CCSDS's Blue Book handled as a book
1064However, it is not a good idea to have to use the author field for
1065an organization (done here because the book entry type requires an
1066author field).
1067@book{IEEEexample:bluebookbook,
1068  author        = "{Consulative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)}",
1069  title         = "Telemetry Channel Coding",
1070  series        = "Blue Book",
1071  number        = "4",
1072  publisher     = "{CCSDS}",
1073  address       = "Newport Beach, {CA}",
1074  year          = "1999",
1075  url           = "http://www.ccsds.org/documents/pdf/CCSDS-101.0-B-4.pdf"
1076}
1077
1078
1079CCSDS's Blue Book handled as a manual
1080This is a much better approach, but uses the howpublished field.
1081@manual{IEEEexample:bluebookmanual,
1082  title         = "Telemetry Channel Coding",
1083  howpublished  = "ser. Blue Book, No. 4",
1084  organization  = "Consulative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)",
1085  address       = "Newport Beach, CA",
1086  year          = "1999",
1087  url           = "http://www.ccsds.org/documents/pdf/CCSDS-101.0-B-4.pdf"
1088}
1089
1090
1091
1092CCSDS's Blue Book handled as a standard
1093Probably the best approach for this particular case because the work
1094is standard related. Note that IEEE does not display the address for
1095standards.
1096@standard{IEEEexample:bluebookstandard,
1097  title         = "Telemetry Channel Coding",
1098  howpublished  = "ser. Blue Book, No. 4",
1099  organization  = "Consulative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)",
1100  address       = "Newport Beach, CA",
1101  type          = "Recommendation for Space Data System Standard",
1102  number        = "101.0-B-4",
1103  month         = May,
1104  year          = "1999",
1105  url           = "http://www.ccsds.org/documents/pdf/CCSDS-101.0-B-4.pdf"
1106}
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115An example of a IEEEtran control entry which can change some IEEEtran.bst
1116settings. An entry like this must be cited via \bstctlcite{} command
1117before the first real \cite{}. The same entry key cannot be called twice
1118(just like multiple \cite{} of the same entry key place only one entry
1119in the bibliography.)
1120The available control fields are:
1121
1122CTLuse_article_number
1123"no" turns off the display of the number for articles.
1124"yes" enables
1125
1126CTLuse_paper
1127"no" turns off the display of the paper and type fields in inproceedings.
1128"yes" enables
1129
1130CTLuse_forced_etal
1131"no" turns off the forced use of "et al."
1132"yes" enables
1133
1134CTLmax_names_forced_etal
1135The maximum number of names that can be present beyond which an "et al."
1136usage is forced. Be sure that CTLnames_show_etal (below)
1137is not greater than this value!
1138
1139CTLnames_show_etal
1140The number of names that will be shown with a forced "et al.".
1141Must be less than or equal to CTLmax_names_forced_etal
1142
1143CTLuse_alt_spacing
1144"no" turns off the alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs.
1145"yes" enables
1146
1147CTLalt_stretch_factor
1148If alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs is enabled, this is
1149the interword spacing stretch factor that will be used. For example, the
1150default "4" here means that the interword spacing in entries with URLs can
1151stretch to four times normal. Does not have to be an integer.
1152
1153CTLdash_repeated_names
1154"no" turns off the "dashification" of repeated (i.e., identical to those
1155of the previous entry) names. IEEE normally does this.
1156"yes" enables
1157
1158CTLname_format_string
1159The name format control string as explained in the BibTeX style hacking
1160guide.
1161IEEE style "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" is the default,
1162
1163CTLname_latex_cmd
1164A LaTeX command that each name will be fed to (e.g., "\textsc").
1165Leave empty if no special font is desired for the names.
1166The default is empty.
1167
1168CTLname_url_prefix
1169The prefix text used before URLs.
1170The default is "[Online]. Available:" A space will be inserted after this
1171text. If this space is not wanted, just use \relax at the end of the
1172prefix text.
1173
1174
1175Those fields that are not to be changed can be left out.
1176@IEEEtranBSTCTL{IEEEexample:BSTcontrol,
1177  CTLuse_article_number     = "yes",
1178  CTLuse_paper              = "yes",
1179  CTLuse_forced_etal        = "no",
1180  CTLmax_names_forced_etal  = "10",
1181  CTLnames_show_etal        = "1",
1182  CTLuse_alt_spacing        = "yes",
1183  CTLalt_stretch_factor     = "4",
1184  CTLdash_repeated_names    = "yes",
1185  CTLname_format_string     = "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}",
1186  CTLname_latex_cmd         = "",
1187  CTLname_url_prefix        = "[Online]. Available:"
1188}
1189
1190
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